Archive for category Building Construction
Guide to repair and waterproofing of Jack Arch Concrete Roof
Posted by BenzuJK in Building Construction on June 28, 2010
Jack Arch Roof
Jack arch Roof construction can be done in brick or concrete. The arch of the Jack arch roof is either made of brick or of concrete. The arch is supported on the lower flange of mild steel joists (RSJs). The rolled steel joists are supported at their ends on the walls or on the longitudinal girders. They are spaced at a distance of 1m to 1.5m centre to centre.
Jack arch Roof - Detailed Section
The rise of the arch is kept equal to 1/12th of the span. Layer of concrete is then poured over the roof to straighten the roof. The concrete layer thickness over the crown of the arch is not less than 15cm.
Due to the super-imposed load on the arch, tension develops at the ends of the arch. Steel tie rods are placed at the ends of an arch with a suitable spacing of 1.8m to 2.4m.
In this article, we are going to study the causes for leakages in a Jack Arch Roof and remedy to solve the problem of leakage.
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Guide to Foundation Design | Column Footings
Posted by BenzuJK in Building Construction on June 2, 2010
Foundation Design
Foundation is the base of any structure. Without a firm foundation, the structure cannot stand. That is the reason why we have to be very cautious with the design of foundations because our entire structure rests on the foundation.
Laying of Column Footing Reinforcement
The strength of the foundation determines the life of the structure. As we discussed in the earlier article, design of foundation depends on the type of soil, type of structure and its load.
On that basis, the foundations are basically divided into Shallow Foundations and Deep Foundations.
In this article, we are going discuss the step by step guide to Column Footing Design….
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Types of Foundations | Design of RCC Structures
Posted by BenzuJK in Building Construction on June 1, 2010
Foundations
Foundation of a structure is like the roots of a tree without which the tree cannot stand. The construction of any structure, be it a residence or a skyscraper; starts with the laying of foundations.
Before designing the foundation, the type of soil is determined. Depending on whether the soil is hard soil or soft soil, a specific type of foundation is adopted.
Shallow Foundations versus Deep Foundations
Foundations are made in various materials… They could be reinforced cement concrete foundations or brick foundations or stone rubble masonry foundations etc. The choice of material to be used in the construction of foundations also depends on the weight of the structure on the ground.
The bearing capacity of soil plays a major role in deciding the type of foundation. The safe bearing capacity of soil should be 180N/mm2 to 200N/mm2.
Foundations are broadly classified into shallow foundations and deep foundations. The depth of the foundation means the difference of level between the ground surface and the base of the foundation. If the depth of the foundation is greater than its width the foundation is classified as a deep foundation.
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Various types of RCC Slabs | Design of RCC Structures
Posted by BenzuJK in Building Construction on May 31, 2010
Reinforced Cement Concrete Slab
- A Reinforced Concrete Slab is the one of the most important component in a building. It is a structural element of modern buildings. Slabs are supported on Columns and Beams.
- RCC Slabs whose thickness ranges from 10 to 50 centimetres are most often used for the construction of floors and ceilings.
- Thin concrete slabs are also used for exterior paving purpose.
RCC Slab Construction
- In many domestic and industrial buildings a thick concrete slab, supported on foundations or directly on the sub soil, is used to construct the ground floor of a building.
- In high rises buildings and skyscrapers, thinner, pre-cast concrete slabs are slung between the steel frames to form the floors and ceilings on each level.
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Guide to Design of Simply Supported Slabs | Design of RCC Structures
Posted by BenzuJK in Building Construction on May 28, 2010
What are Simply Supported Slabs?
Before we discuss the technical design rules of Simply Supported slabs, lets just go through its definition and learn why they are named so…
As the name suggests, simply supported slabs are supported on columns or stanchions…
Simply Supported Slab
Simply supported slabs don’t give adequate provision to resist torsion at corner to prevent corner from lifting.
The maximum bending moment will be given if the slabs are restrained. But atleast 50% of the tension reinforcement provided at the mid span should extend to the support. The remaining 50% should extend to within 0.1Lx or Ly at the support as appropriate.
RCC Slab Design depends on the on the dimensions of the slab after which the slab is termed as a one-way slab or a two-way slab…
In the design of RCC structures, Column Design and Beam Design are to be done before we start with RCC Slab Design…
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Guide to Design of RCC Columns
Posted by BenzuJK in Building Construction on May 27, 2010
RCC Column
A column forms a very important component of a structure. Columns support beams which in turn support walls and slabs. It should be realized that the failure of a column results in the collapse of the structure. The design of a column should therefore receive importance.
Supporting the slabs is the main function of the columns… Such slabs are called Simply Supported Slabs. Simply supported slabs could be either one way slab or a two-way slab. It depends on the dimensions of the slab.
Reinforced Cement Concrete Column Plan and Section
A column is defined as a compression member, the effective length of which exceeds three times the least lateral dimension. Compression members whose lengths do not exceed three times the least lateral dimension, may be made of plain concrete.
In this article, we are going to discuss in detail the basis of classification of columns and different types of reinforcement required for a certain type of column.
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Guide to Doubly Reinforced RCC Beam Design
Posted by BenzuJK in Building Construction on May 26, 2010
RCC Beams
RCC beams are cast in cement concrete reinforced with steel bars. Beams take up compressive and add rigidity to the structure.
Beams generally carry vertical gravitational forces but can also be used to carry horizontal loads (i.e., loads due to an earthquake or wind). The loads carried by a beam are transferred to columns, walls, or girders, which then transfer the force to adjacent structural compression members. In Light frame construction the joists rest on the beam.
Doubly Reinforced Beam
In this article, we are going to discuss types of beam construction and RCC design of Doubly reinforced beam…
RCC beam construction is of two types:
- Singly reinforced beam
- Doubly reinforced beam
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